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Table 5 Receiver operating characteristic curves for different models to detect diabetic retinopathy

From: Tear glucose is associated with the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy

Metrics

Positive tear glucose

Duration of diabetes

HbA1c

Combined model

Sensitivity (%)

77.40

69.80

60.40

54.70

Specificity (%)

53.30

64.50

71.00

87.90

AUC

0.65

0.68

0.63

0.76

95%CI

0.57–0.74

0.59–0.77

0.53–0.73

0.69–0.84

p

 < 0.01*

 < 0.01*

 < 0.01*

 < 0.01*

Youden index

0.31

0.34

0.31

0.43

  1. CI: Confidence interval
  2. HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin; AUC: area under the curve
  3. The combined model integrated tear glucose, the duration of diabetes and HbA1
  4. *Statistically significant