Fig. 6

Treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) with combined laser treatment (Sandwich grid) and intravitreal Ranibizumab performed at the initial visit following established parameters, with no additional treatment sessions up to the 24-week follow-up. A total of 289 short pulse laser spots and 693 micropulse laser shots were applied. Only one intravitreal injection of ranibizumab was needed. Near-infrared imaging illustrating hyperreflective dots within the perifoveal area (SP laser spots), with progressive reduction of hyperreflectivity over time (A-E). SD-OCT illustrates extensive DME with intraretinal and subretinal fluid, along with a baseline visual acuity of 20/160 (Snellen equivalent) (F), followed by significant and sustained anatomical and functional improvement to 20/50 at week 8 (G), and further progress to 20/32 at week 24 (H)